水库移民社区后期扶持项目争取中的“关系”策略应用

Strategic Use of “Connections” in the Application for Supporting Projects in Communities for Reservoir Immigrants

由政府主导的由"外"至"内"的后期扶持项目是水库移民社区发展的重要外部资源,但由于政府在政策落地过程中的不精准执行,使得水库移民社区需要由"内"至"外"地突破各种制度设置以获取项目资源。社会关系网络具有资本属性,凭借"关系"的非常规运作,为水库移民社区自发争取项目资源、应对政策执行偏差提供了可能路径。水库移民社区与上级政府间的"关系"存在强弱之分,由此水库移民社区在向外争取项目资源时亦采取差别化的策略,主要包括靠上面"给"、靠干部"要"和靠移民"闹"三种方式。就其实践效果而言,水库移民社区依靠"关系"争取项目资源的方式仅能有限地改变项目供给偏差,治本之策仍有赖于建构起完善的政策执行纠偏制度。

The“from exterior to interior”supporting projects guided by the government are the important external resources in the development of communities for reservoir immigrants.However,due to the imprecise implementation of such supporting projects,there should be breakthroughs of various institutional barriers from exterior to interior,so as to attain more project resources.Social networks are of attributes of capitals,which,with the unconventional operation,can provide feasibilities for the spontaneous strive for project resources and the adjustment of deviation from polices.There have been strong and weak connections between communities of reservoir immigrants and the government,so different communities of reservoir immigrants take different strategies in their application for project resources,relying on either the“allocation”of the government,or the“strives”of municipal leaders,or the“trouble-making”of immigrants.In practice,the reliance on“connections”for project resources can only correct the deviation of government’s supporting in a limited way,and the fundamental strategy lies in the establishment of a perfect system of the correction of deviation.