迁徙的部落,流动的景观——蒙古族土尔扈特部民歌研究

Nomadic Tribe and the Flowing Soundscape——A Research on Folk Song of Torghut Mongolia

17世纪30年代,蒙古族土尔扈特部落从中国西迁至俄罗斯伏尔加河畔,140余年后东归回到中国新疆,现今仍分布在俄罗斯、蒙古国、中国等多个国家与地区。他们的迁徙路线贯穿欧亚大陆,是草原丝路的重要组成部分。其迁徙区域既是一条北方商贸大道,也是草原各民族交流融合的文化通道。跨越东西的历程使得土尔扈特人的音乐文化高度统一与巨大差异并存,并在地理空间中不断产生动态变迁,成为关注"声音景观"互动关系的鲜活样本。土尔扈特部在跨国的不同境遇中,其音乐与国家、地域、地理等人文生态环境共同构成一个复杂实体,继续沿着昔日迁徙路线交流互动,与其他各民族共筑草原丝路画卷。

In the1630s,The Torghut Mongolia migrated from the west of China to Volga river in Russia,and came back lo Xinjiang Province of China140years later.Nowadays,They tribe lives in different regions of Russia,Mongolia and China.Their migration route crosses Eurasia and is an important part of the Silk Road in grassland.The migration area of Torghuts is not only a commercial avenue in the norther areas,but also a cultural corridor that different ethnic groups communicate and inlerad with.The process of Torghuts's migration from east to west makes their musical culture have many characteristics:self-contained,intersectional,unitive and various in this region.With the process of migration,the musical culture of Torghuts has become a living sample of interrelationship of“soundscape”.In the interactions of different countries,regions and geographic locations,the musical culture of Torghuts evolved into a complex entity.Interacting with their migration route in the past,this musical culture will portray a picture of the Silk Road in grassland with other ethnic groups.