玉米籽粒灌浆特性及其与茎秆糖分的关系

Kernel filling characteristics and their relationship with stalk sugar content in maize

籽粒充实的优劣直接关系到粒质量和产量高低,以先玉335和郑单958及其亲本为材料,研究玉米果穗不同粒位籽粒灌浆特性并分析灌浆速率(平均)与茎秆糖分的关系。就不同粒位籽粒灌浆速率而言,上部最低,峰值时,上部与中部、下部差异最大,中部、下部差异较小,峰值前下部高于中部,峰值后下部稍低于中部。灌浆速率基本都表现低-高-低的变化趋势,但也存在基因型差异。不同粒位籽粒含水量都表现为下部>中部>上部,中部、下部差异较小;随着灌浆期的延长,籽粒含水率均呈逐渐下降趋势。茎秆糖分与灌浆速率之间存在密切关系,随着灌浆速率提高,茎秆糖分呈下降趋势;茎秆糖消耗量最大时,灌浆速率基本上处于峰值。

The advantages and disadvantages of grain filling are directly related to the grain weight and the yield of different varieties.Two maize hybrids Xianyu 335 and Zhengdan 958 and their parents were used as the materials to analyze kernel filling characteristics and their relationship with stalk sugar content in maize.The result showed that the filling rate of the apical kernels was lower than that of the middle and basal kernels and the difference was in maximum when filling rate reached its peak value.Futhermore,the relative difference between the middle and basal kernel filling rate was small.However,before the peak value,the filling rate of basal kernel was higher than that of middle,and after the peak value,the filling rate of basal kernel was a little bit lower than that of middle.The kernel filling rates basically presented the tendency of low-high-low,but the genotype differences were also existed.The water content of kernels at the different positions of the ear in the basal position was bigger than that in the middle position,and that in the middle position was bigger than that in the apical.The difference of water content in kernels between the middle and the basal position was small.With the extension of the kernel filling period,the moisture content rate of kernels decreased gradually.The sugar content of stalk had a close relationship with the kernel filling rate,with the increase of grain filling rate,the sugar content of stem decreased.When the consumption of the stalk sugar was in maximum value,the filling rate of kernels was basically at its peak value.