品种创新与甘薯产业发展

Breeding innovation and development of sweet potato industry

自2010年至2017年,全国育成甘薯新品种194个,其中,食用型、淀粉加工型、食用与淀粉兼用型和食用型紫薯分别占品种总数的35. 1%、22. 7%、21. 1%、11. 3%,高干物率类型的品种仅占5. 4%。在全国15个省(市、区)种植面积达6. 67×10~4hm^2以上的品种有商薯19等7个。其中,甘薯品种商薯19和徐薯18种植面积分别为45. 8×10~4hm^2和33. 3×10~4hm^2,占甘薯种植面积的20. 1%和14. 6%。今后甘薯品种创新重点:注重品种结构调整;加强甘薯专用型品种的选育和推广;加强甘薯良种繁育体系规范化建设;品种选育要适应甘薯机械化应用。

From 2010 to 2017,194 new varieties of sweet potato were cultivated in China,and edible type,starch processing type,double-use and purple sweet potato accounted for 35.1%,22.7%,21.1%and 11.3%,respectively.The species with a high rate of dry matter content accounted for 54%.Seven varieties,including Shangshu19,were planted in 15 provinces and autonomous regions across China with an area of 6.67×10^4 hm^2 or more.Among them,the cultivation area of sweet potato varieties Shangshu19 and Xushu18 was 45.8×10^4 hm^2 and 33.3×10^4 hm^2,respectively,accounting for 20.1%and 14.6%of the sweet potato planting area.In the future,the variety innovation of sweet potato should pay attention to the adjustment of variety structure,the strengthen of breeding and popularization of sweet potato special varieties,the strengthen of standardization of sweet potato seed breeding system,and the adaption of varieties breeding to the mechanized application.