中国食用甘薯育种现状及展望

Progresses and prospects on edible sweetpotato breeding in China

在21世纪前中国食用甘薯品种主要以黄心为主,进入21世纪后保健功能强的红心和紫心甘薯成为中国甘薯育种的主要目标,各育种单位育成了一系列优良的红心或紫心食用甘薯品种。本文通过对中国食用甘薯品种选育历程的回顾,阐述了传统食用甘薯品种和特色食用甘薯品种的育种成就,分析了中国不同阶段对食用甘薯品种的品质要求,提出了不同用途食用甘薯品种选育的育种思路,并对中国食用甘薯品种选育的发展趋势进行了展望。

The main type of edible sweetpotato was yellow-fleshed sweetpotato before twenty-first century in China.The red-fleshed sweetpotato riched in carotene and the purple-fleshed sweetpotato riched in anthocyanins were endowed with multiple physiological functions.The red-fleshed and the purple-fleshed sweetpotato varieties have become one of the main objectives of sweetpotato breeding in the twenty-first century and a series of excellent edible sweetpotato varieties have been developed in China.In this paper,the history of edible sweetpotato breeding was reviewed.The breeding achievements of traditional edible sweetpotato varieties and characteristic edible sweetpotato varieties were expounded.The quality requirements for edible sweetpotato varieties in different stages were analyzed.The breeding ideas and methods of edible sweetpotato varieties for different uses were put forward.The prospects of edible sweetpotato breeding are discussed.