基于目标的线性规划膳食平衡策略

Dietary balance strategy of linear programming based on projections

目的根据膳食平衡原理,以《中国居民膳食指南》为依据,以食物原料的最优量及最经济的配比为目标,构建基于目标的线性规划模型。方法利用Matlab计算软件最优化计算模块,建立最优目标函数,设定以下几个具有非线性特点的参数:每种食物的价格、食物原料的日均使用量、原料中各营养元素的含量、配方中所需营养元素、烹饪导致的原料中各种营养元素的损耗率,以及人体对食物中营养元素的吸收率。通过合理的假设与计算,将非线性变化的参数经优化处理后得到线性规划模型,提出较为经济而科学的膳食平衡策略。结果考虑最经济且与中国营养学会推荐的营养元素需求差距最小为目标,结合膳食指南及中国营养学会推荐的营养元素参考摄入量,以午餐为例,推算出各食物原料的用量。经灵敏度检验,该线性规划模型可实现较为经济而科学的膳食平衡策略。结论建立的线性规划模型及其最优解是符合社会经济水平的膳食平衡策略,适合于不同能量需求人群,且具有可操作性与普适性的特点。

Objective To directly calculated the accuracy of the food materials on the basis of diet balanced principle and total demand.Methods Calculation program module of Matlab was utilized,and the parameters were set,including the price of each food,the daily used mount of food raw materials,the content of each nutrient element,the nutrient elements in the formulation,the loss rate of various nutrient elements in the raw materials,and the absorption rate of the nutrient elements in the food.By reasonable hypothesis and calculations,the linear programming model was obtained,and a more economical and scientific dietary equilibrium strategy was investigated.Results Linear programming model was established for different populations on the basis of the dietary guidelines recommended by the Chinese Nutrition Society.The minimum of the recommended dietary intake was taken as the best and nutritional intake.Lunch was taken for instance to calculate the exact quantity of each food raw material.The model could be applied to make a more economical and scientific method of balanced diet.Conclusion Linear programming model could be designed for popular economy,for the public economy,which migh be suitable for different energy requirements,and with operability and universality.