2018年安徽省部分地区A型禽流感流行率横断面研究

A Cross-sectional Study on Type A Avian Influenza in Parts of Anhui Province in 2018

为了解安徽省A型禽流感病毒感染情况,2018年4—5月,在安徽省北部、中部和南部7个市,随机选取各类型场点173个,在每个场点内随机采集35份咽喉/泄殖腔和环境拭子样品,使用荧光RT-PCR进行A型、H5亚型、H7亚型流感病毒核酸检测。结果显示:在4个养殖场、3个活禽批发市场和17个农贸市场检出了A型禽流感病毒,场点阳性率分别为2.9%(4/140)、75.0%(3/4)、80.9%(17/21),未检出H5和H7亚型流感病毒核酸;A型禽流感群体流行率为11.2%(95%CI:6.5%～15.8%),个体流行率为1.2%(95%CI:0.9%～1.5%);活禽交易市场内,禽群感染A型禽流感病毒的风险较高(OR=136,95%CI:32.7～549.4)。结果表明,A型禽流感病毒在养殖和交易环节存在一定的污染,而在活禽交易市场的污染更严重,是今后禽流感防控的重点,需继续加强活禽交易市场的管理和消毒灭源工作。

In order to recognize the infection status of type A avian influenza virus in Anhui province,a cross-sectional study was carried out from April to May,2018.A total of173different types of poultry flocks were randomly selected from the7cities located in the north,middle and south part of Anhui.Then,35throat/cloacal and environmental swab samples were collected and the nucleic acids of type A,H5and H7subtype AIV were detected by the real-time RTPCR method.Results showed that,among the flocks randomly selected,4farms and3wholesale LBMs and17retail LBMs were positive for type A influenza virus,of which the positive rates were2.9%(4/140),75.0%(3/4)and80.9%(17/21),respectively.No H5and H7subtype virus was detected.The herd and individual prevalence rates of type A influenza virus were11.2%(95%CI:6.5%to15.8%)and1.2%(95%CI:0.9%to1.5%),respectively.In addition,the risk of chicken flocks being infected with type A avian influenza virus was higher in LBMs than in farms(OR=136,95%CI:32.7to549.4).As a conclusion,certain degree of type A avian influenza virus infection existed in the processes of poultry production and selling.Since pollution of type A virus in LBMs was more serious,therefore,management and disinfection for LBMs should be continued to strengthen.