社会网络方法在兽医流行病学中的应用

Application of Social Network Method in Veterinary Epidemiology

为揭示社会网络方法在兽医流行病学领域的发展趋势,通过对国内外文献进行检索分析,以"社会网络分析或社会网络""兽医学或动物"为关键词,在CNKI和PubMed数据库中检索并整理2000—2017年的相关文献,随后运用内容分析法,从研究主体、研究病种、数据获取、软件应用、指标计算以及数据验证等多个角度,比较国内外社会网络方法在兽医流行病学中的应用。结果显示:社会网络分析起源于20世纪30年代,2005年才被应用到兽医流行病学领域,此后研究热度不断上升,尤其在美国、英国和澳大利亚等国家,且在其带领下逐渐形成了不同国家和学科间的交流体系;研究者更倾向于有重大影响力的动物卫生事件研究;兽医流行病网络研究中可利用的数据和质量有限,因而限制了社会网络方法在兽医流行病学领域的发展;社会网络分析中,使用R软件的占比最高,其次为UCINET软件;社会网络方法虽在兽医流行病学领域起步晚,但研究深度已完成了从理论研究到网络分析及应用的过渡;研究指标仍局限在通过利用网络基本概念和测度来研究个体网络,缺乏对整体网络动态模式的研究。研究结果提示,社会网络方法在兽医流行病学领域的应用还很有限,研究者需要通过加强理论与实际的结合,构建网络时空模型,控制关键点,从而为疫病监测和防控做准备。

In order to reveal the development and research trends of social network in the field of veterinary epidemiology,by retrieval and analysis of the domestic and foreign literature,taking the“social network analysis,social network,veterinary medicine or animal”as the keywords,related literatures published in the CNKI and PubMed database during2000to2017were retrieved and sorted out.Then by the content analysis method,the application situations of social network analysis in veterinary epidemiology in and out of China were compared from multiple perspectives of research subjects,studied diseases,data acquisition,software application,indicator calculation and others.The results showed that,social network analysis originated in the1930s and it was applied to the field of veterinary epidemiology in2005.Since then,more and more related studies have been made,especially in the United States,the United Kingdom and Australia.Under the guiding of the researchers there,an international and interdisciplinary communication system has been formed gradually.The researchers tended to study the influential animal health events.The available sources and quality of research data generated from veterinary epidemiology network were relatively limited,which restrained the development of social network in veterinary epidemiology.During social network analysis,the proportion of studies analyzed by R software was the highest,followed by UCINET software.Although the social network method was applied lately in veterinary researches,the transition from theoretical research to network analysis had been already completed,however,the great mass of studies still limited to individual networks by using network concepts and measures.In conclusion,the application of social network method in the field of veterinary epidemiology was limited,it was suggested that researchers should strengthen the combination of theory and practice,establish a network spatiotemporal model,control the key points,so as to make a preparation for animal disease monitoring,prevention and control.