北方粳稻南繁不同收获期种子粒重及发芽率研究

Study on Seed Vigor and 1 000-grain Weight of Northern Japonica Rice on Harvesting Dates in Breeding in Hainan

在水稻南繁北育过程中,适时早收能有效衔接水稻各世代生育进程。本试验选用2个水稻品种,分别种植于沈阳春季和海南夏季、海南冬季,分析了不同成熟度籽粒的发芽率和千粒重等。结果表明,千粒重直接影响种子发芽率,水稻自颖花开花授粉日起,灌浆20d,籽粒发芽率已经基本达到正常种子水平,灌浆25d,种子发芽率和千粒重均已达到正常种子水平。因此,开花后20～25d可作为多数材料适当早收时间指标。同时发现,同等条件下杂交粳稻恢复系C 418比常规粳稻品种辽粳9号粒重及发芽率趋于稳定的日期早,且同一品种,在温度偏高的海南夏季种植时也可较在海南冬季种植时提早收获。

In breeding in southern for northern japonica rice,harvesting earlier in time can effectively connect rice generations in north and south.In this study,two rice varieties were planted in Shenyang in spring,in Hainan in summer and winter.The 1 000-grain weight and seed germinating rate of rice with different maturation were studied.The results were as follows.1 000-grain weight affects seed germinating rate directly.Rice grains having filled for 20 days since pollination had normal germinating rate,and after filling for 25 days seed vigor and 1 000-grain weight were at normal levels.As the conclusion,the date of 20-25 days since grains'pollinating date should be the time to harvest earlier in time for most rice materials.Also,the dates on which C 418’s seed germinating rate and 1 000-grain weight got normal level were earlier than that of Liaogeng 9.In addition,rice could be harvested earlier in summer than in winter in Hainan.