水下清洗载具的结构设计与模态分析

Structural Design and Modal Analysis of Underwater Cleaning Vehicle

由于水下清洗作业的需求日渐增大,研究具有针对性的水下特种作业载具成为当务之急。文章参考一种水下清洗的运行方法,设计了初始结构方案,建立了三维模型,按实际工况的受力来模拟作用力,采用有限元仿真的方法对框架进行静力学分析,并进行结构优化,优化后最大应力、应变和变形分别降低了52%、46%和65%。对优化后的框架结构进行了模态分析,求解出结构的前六阶固有频率,分别为78.371 Hz、95.771 Hz、143.74 Hz、165.79 Hz、201.1 Hz、213.4 Hz,其中后三阶振型变形较为严重。最后,明确了该优化的合理性,在静态载荷下框架所受应力满足相关规定,且固有频率远大于海水波浪频率,能有效避免共振。文章为进一步优化水下载具结构和研究其振动特性提供了理论基础。

As the demand for underwater cleaning operations is increasing,it is imperative to study targeted underwater special operation vehicles.In this paper,with reference to an underwater cleaning operation method,the initial structural scheme is designed and a 3D model is established.By simulating the force according to the actual working conditions,the static analysis of the frame is carried out by the simulation method.After optimization,the maximum stress,strain and deformation are reduced by 52%,46%and 65%respectively.The modal analysis is performed on the optimized frame structure to solve the first six natural frequencies of the structure,which are 78.371 Hz,95.771 Hz,143.74 Hz,165.79 Hz,201.1 Hz,and 213.4 Hz.The deformation of the later third-order modes is more serious.Finally,the rationality of the optimization is clarified.Under the static load,the stress on the frame satisfies the relevant regulations,and the natural frequency is much larger than the sea wave frequency,which can effectively avoid resonance.It provides a theoretical basis for further optimizing the structure of the underwater cleaning vehicles and studying its vibration characteristics.