西方生态批评的新视野:城市生态批评研究述评

A New Vision of Western Ecocriticism:A Review of Urban Ecocriticism Studies

伴随着城市化的推进与人类纪的生态挑战,城市环境的美学再现与阐释话语出现严峻危机,促使西方生态批评研究迎来"城市转向",城市生态批评开始崭露头角。与传统生态批评理论对荒野自然的推崇相比,城市生态批评不仅研究城市自然环境,还关注人类世界与自然环境之间的关系,有效地将环境研究、文化研究与城市研究联系起来。近年来,西方城市生态批评研究在生态政治学、文化生态学与非文学文本等领域取得显著的进步,不仅实现对自身研究范畴的拓展,也是对社会现实问题的有力回应。

Along with the advancement of urbanization and the ecological challenges of the anthropocene,the aesthetic representation and interpretation of the urban environment is confronted with a severe crisis,which in turn has prompted an“urban”turn within the western ecocritics and hence the urban ecocriticism.Different from the traditional ecocritical theory which emphasizes the wilderness,urban ecocriticism not only pays attention to urban nature,but also to the relationship between the human world and the natural environment,effectively linking environmental research,cultural studies and urban studies.In recent years,Western urban ecocritical studies have made remarkable progress in the fields of ecological politics,culture ecology and non-literature texts,which greatly expanses the research scope and makes positive responses to social realities as well.