老年住宅舒适性空调的模拟研究

Simulation Study on Comfort Air-conditioning of Old Residential Buildings

结合对国内新兴的老年地产的分析,以及老年人对住宅空调舒适性和特殊性要求的考虑,应用计算流体模拟软件(CFD)对老年住宅室内空调设计进行模拟分析,旨在通过数值模拟的方式,获得最佳的室内气流组织,使老年住宅达到人体舒适性要求。此次模拟主要是通过改变室内空调设置方位、送回风百叶大小以及送风角度,对比不同状态下,室内的气流组织分布,获得以床为中心2 m范围内的温度场和速度场,重点分析位于头部风速大小是否满足规范要求的最佳流速,以此保证老年式住宅的室内气流组织能够满足老年人的舒适性要求。通过模拟研究发现:当风盘出风口垂直于床放置,送风口尺寸为1 000 mm×200 mm,出风口速度为2 m/s时,人体活动2 m内区域温度控制在26. 5℃,床头部位温度控制在27℃;床休息部位速度场大部处于0. 25 m/s,头部区域接近0. 2 m/s,满足规范要求,同时也能满足老年人的舒适性要求。

Based on the analysis of the emerging old real estate in the country and the consideration of the comfort and special requirements of the residential air conditioning in the elderly,the CFD is utilized to simulate the design of the indoor air-conditioning in the elderly.Getting the best indoor airflow organization through the numerical simulation,so that the elderly housing to meet the requirements of human comfort.The simulation,mainly through changing the orientation of the indoor air conditioning,the size and angle of the air supply shutter,compares with the indoor air flow distribution of different conditions,accesses to the temperature and velocity field as the bed center two meters.The wind speed on the head is analyzed whether meet the specifications of the required flow rateto ensure that the elderly residential indoor air flow organization and meet the comfort requirements of the elderly.Through the simulation study found that when the wind outlet is placed perpendicular to the bed,the size of the air outlet is 1 000 mm×200 mm,and the outlet speed is 2 m/s,the temperature of the body activity within two meters is controlled at 26.5℃,bedside temperature is controlled at 27℃;speed field of rest site is mostly in 0.25 m/s,the head area is close to 0.2 m/s,to meet the regulatory requirements,but also to meet the comfort requirements of the elderly.