达布逊湖面积变化及其影响因素研究

Study on the Change of Area of Dabson Lake and Its Influencing Factors

湖泊是维持生态平衡的重要元素,湖泊面积的扩展与收缩及其引起的生态环境问题能反映出全球的气候特征。达布逊湖位于柴达木盆地南缘,格尔木市所辖,是盆地内最大的咸水湖。本文以1987—2017年Landsat数据为基础,采用改进的归一化差异水体指数法对达布逊湖的湖水面积进行计算。结果表明:近30年湖泊面积整体呈减小趋势。通过对自然因素与人文因素进行分析可知,温度变化和人类活动的加剧是导致湖泊面积减少的重要因素。此外,盐湖集团采卤量的增加也是影响湖泊面积变化的一个重要原因。

Lakes are an important element in maintaining ecological balance.The expansion and contraction of lake areas and the ecological problems caused by them can reflect the global climate characteristics.Located on the southern edge of the Qaidam Basin,Dabson Lake is under the jurisdiction of Golmud City and is the largest saltwater lake in the basin.Based on the Landsat data from 1987 to 2017,this paper used the improved normalized differential water index method to calculate the lake area of Lake Dabson.The results showed that the lake area decreased as a whole in the past 30 years.Through the analysis of natural and human factors,it could be seen that temperature changes and the intensification of human activities were the important factors leading to the reduction of Lake area.In addition,the increase of brine production in Saline Lake group was also an important reason for the change of Lake area.