宁波市主城区三维空间格局分析研究

Analysis on the 3D Spatial Pattern of Main Urban Area in Ningbo

以宁波市主城区为例,基于第一次地理国情普查和建筑高度普查数据,利用邻域分析、聚合、空间统计等研究方法,从不同高度建筑占比、建筑聚合、城市中心、天际线等角度研究城市建筑分布规律和城市建筑三维空间格局,进一步深化对宁波市城市三维空间形态特征认识。结果表明:(1)宁波市主城区建筑以低矮建筑和多层建筑为主,高层建筑占比较低;(2)宁波市城市开发重心偏中部和东南片区,北部、西部片区开发强度较低,高层建筑呈现两个高度集聚区(东部新城和南部新城)、一个轴线集聚带和多个次级集聚区;(3)高层建筑多分布在21世纪后扩张的建成区内,老城区新建高层建筑占比较小,多集中在三江沿岸;(4)滨江西岸天际线形态呈现"中部隆起"流线型格局,滨江东南岸城市天际线绵延,呈现"两高三峰"格局,而滨江北岸方向天际线呈现"整体平缓"格局。

Based on the first national geographic census and building height census data,this dissertation gave a multiangle analysis on 3d spatial pattern of main urban area in Ningbo.In the process of analysis,we used methods such as the relationship between the number and floor area of high-rise buildings,spatial aggregation,city center,skyline and so on,to deepen the understanding of the distribution law of urban buildings and the three-dimensional spatial pattern of main urban area in Ningbo.The results show that:①The main downtown area of Ningbo is dominated by low-rise buildings and multi-story buildings,and high-rise buildings account for a relatively low percentage;②Ningbo has a central urban development centered on the central and southeast regions,and the northern and western regions remind lower intensity of development.And the high-rise buildings are highly concentrated in the eastern new town and the southern CBD,one axis agglomeration zone,as well as multiple secondary agglomeration areas.③High-rise buildings are mostly distributed in newly built-up area after 21st century rather than in old town.The high-rise buildings in the old town occupy a relatively small proportion and are mostly concentrated along the coast of the Sanjiang.④The skyline pattern of the western riverside presents a streamlined pattern of"Central Uplift",and the city skyline stretches along the southeastern riverside presents the pattern of"two uplifts and three peaks",while the north riverside presents a"General Flat"pattern.