杜陆与杜隆陆猪生长、胴体及肉质性状的比较分析

Comparison of Growth,Carcass and Meat Quality Traits between Dulu and Dulonglu Pigs

拟通过比较杜洛克公猪与陆川母猪的二元杂交猪(简称杜陆猪,DLC)和杜洛克公猪与隆陆母猪(隆林公猪与陆川母猪的后代)的三元杂交猪(简称杜隆陆猪,DLLC)在生长、胴体和肉质性状上的表现来证实三元杂交的可行性。本研究分别屠宰了7月龄左右、约75 kg的DLC猪(295头)和DLLC猪(91头),测定其胴体直长、胴体斜长、背膘厚和眼肌面积等胴体性状以及肉色、pH、滴水损失、大理石纹和肌内脂肪含量等肉质性状。结果表明:1)杜陆猪的保育出栏重((17. 00±3. 73) kg,n=460)极显著高于杜隆陆猪((14. 62±2. 60) kg,n=262)(P=3. 74×10^(-7));杜隆陆猪从断奶到屠宰期间的平均日增重((402. 23±48. 94) g·d^(-1),n=74)极显著高于杜陆猪((366. 03±57. 86) g·d^(-1),n=242)(P=8. 96×10^(-7))。2)杜陆猪的胴体直长和胴体斜长((78. 68±3. 78) cm,(67. 14±2. 81)cm,n=189)均极显著低于杜隆陆猪((80. 55±3. 13) cm,(68. 26±2. 59) cm,n=88)(P=5. 79×10^(-5),P=0. 003);杜隆陆猪校正后的眼肌面积((31. 65±4. 29) cm^2,n=91)平均值大于杜陆猪((30. 84±6. 70) cm^2,n=295),但是差异不显著。3)杜隆陆猪与杜陆猪背最长肌的肉质指标均无显著差异。本研究结果说明,杜隆陆猪具有更快的生长速度和更佳的胴体品质,同时保持了杜陆猪的优良肉质,说明饲养杜隆陆三元杂交猪将具有更高的经济效益。本研究对于利用地方猪进行优质猪肉生产提供了一种新的思路。

The present study aimed to compare the growth,carcass and meat quality traits of progeny from Duroc(♂)×Luchuan pigs(♀)(referred as Dulu pigs,DLC)and progeny from Duroc(♂)×(Longlin(♂)×Luchuan(♀))(referred as Dulonglu pigs,DLLC),and to confirm the feasibility of three-way crosses.DLC(n=295)and DLLC(n=91)pigs with an average age of7months old and a body weight of about75kg were slaughtered,and the carcass traits including carcass straight length,carcass slanting length,backfat thickness,loin eye muscle area,and meat quality traits including muscle color score,pH,drip loss,marbling and intramuscular fat content were measured.The results showed that:1)The nursey weight of Dulu pigs((17.00±3.73)kg,n=460)was significantly higher than that of Dulonglu pigs((14.62±2.60)kg,n=262)(P=3.74×10-7);The average daily gain of Dulonglu pigs from weaning to slaughter((402.23±48.94)g·d-1,n=74)was significantly higher than that of Dulu pigs((366.03±57.86)g·d-1,n=242)(P=8.96×10-7).2)The carcass straight length and carcass slanting length of the Dulu pigs((78.68±3.78)cm,(67.14±2.81)cm,n=189)were significantly lower than those of the Dulonglu pigs((80.55±3.13)cm,(68.26±2.59)cm,n=88)(P=5.79×10-5,P=0.003);The average adjusted loin eye muscle area of Dulonglu pigs((31.65±4.29)cm2,n=91)was slightly greater than that of Dulu pigs((30.84±6.70)cm2,n=295),but the difference was not significant.3)There were no significant differences in meat quality traits between DLLC and DLC pigs.The study shows that the Dulonglu pigs display a faster growth rate and better carcass performance than Dulu pigs,and maintained the excellent meat quality,which ensuring a better economic benefits.Therefore,the present study provides a new way for the utilization of local pig breeds,especially for high-quality pork production.