清乾隆中后期国泰与和珅关系探究——以国泰贪污案为中心

On the Relationship between Guotai and Heshen during the Mid and Late Period of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty

史料对国泰贪污案中和珅与国泰关系的记载存在矛盾,对他们关系的探究有助于更客观地认识和珅这一历史人物,厘清历史的真相。国泰与和珅的联系至多是体现在案件的惩办过程中。国泰案中之所以会出现和珅与国泰勾结,钱沣与刘墉智斗和珅的记载,主要也是因为在和珅死后,汉人士大夫阶层可能出现的对和珅的鄙薄和不满。而和珅与国泰俱是满洲八旗上层贵族,因为和珅是乾隆朝的巨贪,其事迹自然在野史中层出不穷。而国泰在乾隆朝也是有名的贪官,后来人们在辗转流传中就将这二人联系在一起。

Qing Dynasty is the height of the development of feudal autocracy.After the prosperous period of Kangxi and Qianlong in Qing Dynasty,the country had rapid development in economy,politics and culture,and the Qianlong period became a acme of prosperous stage.However,behind the prosperity,there was a profound crisis.The corruption cases was manifold,and the amount was huge,especially the powerful minister Heshen in Qianlong Dynasty.In the case of Guotai corruption,the relationship between Heshen and Guotai was doubtful;the historical data had contradictions for them.It may help us know the truth of history that we research into the relationship between Heshen and Guotai.