广东湛江海域6种小型野生鱼肌肉中脂肪酸含量分析

Fatty acid levels in the muscle of 6 small wild fishes from Zhanjiang sea area

目的测定广东湛江近海常见的小型野生鱼肌肉中脂肪酸含量。方法用0.5%硫酸-甲醇溶液将6种小型野生鱼(弯线双边鱼、康氏侧带小公鱼、叶鲱、下银汉鱼、箭天竺鲷、黄斑鲾)肌肉组织中脂肪酸甲酯化,再用气相色谱法测定脂肪酸甲酯含量。结果 6种鱼肌肉中饱和、单不饱和、多不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为34.40%～45.30%、8.34%～18.52%、38.86%～44.91%。聚类分析显示6种鱼分成4组,其中第一组康氏侧带小公鱼和叶鲱脂肪酸组成最相似,第三组下银汉鱼和褐斑长鳍天竺鲷脂肪酸组成较相似,而第二组弯线双边鱼、第四组黄斑鲾脂肪酸组成差异较大。结论 6种小型野生鱼肌肉中均有较丰富的多不饱和脂肪酸,其中EPA+DHA含量达30.24%～33.23%,提示具有较高的营养和开发价值。

Objective To detect the fatty acid contents in the muscle of common small wild fishes in Zhanjiang coastal waters.Methods The fatty acids of muscle tissues from 6 small wild fishes(Ambassis buruensis,Stolephorus commersonii,Escualosa thoracata,Hypoatherina tsurugae,Archamia fucata,and Photopectoralis bindus)were methyl esterized using 0.5%sulfuric acid/methanol solution.The fatty acid methyl esters were determined by gas chromatography.Results Levels of saturated,monounsaturated,and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 34.40%-45.30%,8.34%-18.52%,and 38.86%-44.91%in the muscle of 6 fishes,respectively.Cluster analysis showed that 6 fishes were categorized into 4 groups:first group(Stolephorus commersonii and Escualosa thoracata)had the most similar composition of the fatty acids,third group(Hypoatherina tsurugae and Archamia fucata)had more similar composition,while second group(Ambassis buruensis)and fourth group(Photopectoralis bindus)had quite different composition.Conclusion The polyunsaturated fatty acids are abundant in 6 wild fishes,with eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)contents being 30.24%-33.23%,suggestive of a high nutritional and developmental value.