包头黄河湿地生态系统服务价值评估

Ecosystem Service Valuation of the Yellow River Wetland in Baotou

包头黄河湿地生态系统位于黄河"几"字段上,是处于我国干旱半干旱地区典型的河流湿地生态系统,具有十分重要的区域生态服务功能。通过资料收集、野外调查、试验分析等,借助市场价值法、碳税法、影子工程法、旅行费用等生态服务功能评估方法,对其各项生态功能进行了货币化的价值量估算。结果表明:包头黄河湿地生态系统服务功能总价值约为267 958. 38×104元。其中,水源供给功能价值约为72 859. 38万元,固碳释氧功能价值约为63 323万元,旅游休闲功能价值约为48 360万元,调蓄洪水功能价值约为38 478万元,气候调节功能价值约为11 049万元,渔业生产价值约为10 123万元,教育科研功能价值约为9 206万元,生物栖息地功能价值约为6 110万元,降解污染物功能价值约为5 280万元,芦苇生产价值约为3 170万元。直观的货币价值评估可以合理反映出包头黄河湿地对区域生态和经济发展的重要性,同时也可以为当地政府对湿地生态系统的保护和管理提供科学的理论依据。

The Yellow River Wetland ecosystem in Baotou is a typical river wetland in arid and semi-arid regions of northwest China,with important regional ecological service function.Through data collection,field investigation and experimental analysis,the monetization value quantity of ecological functions have been estimated by use of market value method,carbon tax approach,shadow engineering method,travel cost.The results show that the total value of ecosystem service of the Yellow River Wetland is 267 958.38×10 4 Yuan,in which the value of water supply is about 72 859.38×10 4 Yuan,the value of fixing carbon and releasing oxygen is 63 323×10 4 Yuan,the value of leisure tourist is 48 360×10 4 Yuan,the value of flood diversion and storage is 38 478×10 4 Yuan,the value of regulating climate is about 11 049×10 4 Yuan,the fishing value is about 10 123×10 4 Yuan,the value of education and scientific research is about 9 206×10 4 Yuan,the value of biological habitat is about 6 110×10 4 Yuan,the value of pollutant degradation is about 5 280×10 4 Yuan,the value of reed is 3 170×10 4 Yuan.The intuitive monetization value estimation can rationally reflect the importance of the Yellow River Wetland to the regional ecological and economic development,meanwhile,it can provide the scientific theoretical basis for the local government to protect and manage the wetland ecosystem.