干旱区农民农业灌溉水价承受能力及其影响因素研究——以甘肃省民勤县为例

Study on Farmers' Agricultural Irrigation Water Price Endurance and Its Influencing Factors in Arid Area——Taking Minqin County in Gansu Province as an Example

为了了解干旱区农民对灌溉水价的承受能力,更好地推进灌溉用水价格改革,本文以甘肃省民勤县为研究对象,采用ELES模型测算法和指标分析法分析了农民农业灌溉水价的经济承受能力,利用调查资料分析了农民农业灌溉水价的心理承受能力,结果表明:(1)两种方法测算的农民农业灌溉水价经济承受能力的结果存在较大差异,用指标法中的水费支出占农业净收益比重的10%-20%为标准,来衡量农民对农业灌溉水价的经济承受能力更符合实际。(2)民勤县的农民实际支付的各类农作物平均灌溉水费为每公顷2700元,占其平均农业净收益的56. 2%,农民已超负荷承受。(3)农民灌溉水价心理承受能力偏低。最后提出了大力提升农民收入水平、适当调控农业生产要素价格、加大生态环境保护宣传力度、提升用水保障服务水平等四点建议。

In order to understand the farmers′ability to withstand irrigation water prices in arid areas and better promote the reform of irrigation water prices,this paper takes Minqin County of Gansu Province as the research object,and analyzes the agricultural irrigation water price of farmers by using ELES model measurement algorithm and index analysis method.Economic affordability,using the survey data to analyze the psychological endurance of farmers′agricultural irrigation water prices,the results show that:(1)The results of the economic fertility of farmers′agricultural irrigation water prices measured by the two methods are quite different,using the water fee in the indicator method.Taking the proportion of10%-20%of the net income of agriculture as the standard,it is more realistic to measure the economic affordability of farmers for agricultural irrigation water prices.(2)The average irrigation water fee for all kinds of crops actually paid by farmers in Minqin County is2,700yuan per hectare,accounting for56.2%of the average agricultural net income.Farmers have been overloaded.(3)The psychological endurance of farmers′irrigation water prices is low.Finally,four suggestions were put forward to greatly improve the income level of farmers,appropriately regulate the prices of agricultural production factors,increase the propaganda of ecological environmental protection,and improve the level of water security services.