微流控技术在纳微胶囊合成中的应用研究进展

Research Progress in Synthesis of Nano-Microcapsules with Microfluidic Technology

纳微胶囊在生物、医药、食品、化妆品等领域得到了广泛的应用.相比于传统的制备方法,微流控技术能够产生单分散的单重和多重乳滴,并对这些乳滴的尺寸和结构进行精确控制,是合成尺寸均一、结构可控以及释放可控的纳微胶囊的理想方法.文章首先介绍了微流控芯片的结构类型,如同轴聚焦、流动聚焦、T型、Y型及其组合型等;然后总结了微流控可控制备单一乳滴、双重乳滴以及多重乳滴模板与乳滴的固化方法,最后着重介绍了微流控制备的纳微胶囊在可控释放方面的应用,其中分为持续释放(受粒径、表面形貌和形状等控制)和刺激响应释放(受外界环境刺激,如pH、温度、光和离子等控制) 2部分,并进行了综述.

Nano-microcapsules are widely used in biology,medicine,food,cosmetics and other fields.Compared with the traditional techniques for preparing nano-microcapsules,the microfluidic technology can be used to generate monodisperse single and multiple emulsion droplets and control the size and structure of these droplets accurately.It is an ideal method to synthesize the nano-microcapsules with the properties of uniform size,controllable structure and controlled release.The review starts with the structure types of microfluidic chips,such as co-flow,flow-focusing,T-juction,Y-shaped and their combination.And then the controllable microfluidic fabrication of single droplet,double droplets and multiple droplet templates and the solidification methods of droplets are summarized.Finally,the controlled release of nano-microcapsule preparing with flow microfluidics is introduced in two parts:sustained release(controlled by particle size,surface morphology and shape,etc.)and stimuli-responsive release(controlled by external environment such as pH,temperature,light and ion,etc.).