硒对水生生物双重生物效应的研究进展

Dual Effects of Selenium in Aquatic Organisms: A Review

硒是动物体必需的微量元素,但是硒含量过高或过低均可对生物体产生有害效应.文章阐述了硒在生物体内硒蛋白、抗氧化、免疫系统中的有益性及作用机制;总结了硒对水生生物氧化胁迫、胚胎畸形发育、母体传递等毒性效应机制;讨论了影响硒双重生物效应的因素.通过综述近年来硒在水生生物体内(特别是鱼类)的双重生物效应,以及影响硒双重生物效应的关键因素等,进一步解析了硒在水生生物体内的累积、代谢、转化与复杂生物效应的关系,并为今后硒生物效应的深入研究和科学补硒提供依据.

Selenium(Se)is an essential element for animals at appropriate levels,but it can cause a variety of deleterious effects at too high or too low levels.In this review,the beneficial effects of Se on selenoproteins,antioxidant physiology and the immune system are addressed,and its toxic effects on aquatic organisms such as oxidative stress,developmental deformities and maternal transfer and the underlying mechanisms are discussed.In addition,the main factors potentially affecting its dual effects in aquatic organisms are summarized.This review covers both the beneficial and the detrimental effects of Se and the factors mediating these effects in aquatic organisms,especially in fish.It is aimed for better understanding of the bioaccumulation,metabolism and biotransformation of Se and the complex relationship between these processes and biological effects of Se in aquatic organisms.This will provide valuable information for further studies of the effects of Se in aquatic organisms and proper supplementation of Se for them.