‘红钻蜜柚’的选育与孢粉学研究

Breeding of ‘Hongzuanmiyou’ and Its Palynological Studies

本文介绍了由‘琯溪蜜柚’芽变形成的新种质‘红钻蜜柚’的选育过程,植物学特性和生物学特性。果实倒卵形,单果重约1 500 g,果形指数0.90～0.94;果皮橙黄色,具红色条纹;海绵层颜色为象牙白,厚约1.5 cm;囊瓣14～16,囊衣薄带淡黄色;汁胞银白色,清脆可口,无籽或少量败育的瘪核。孢粉学研究结果表明,‘红钻蜜柚’的花粉粒大小与‘琯溪蜜柚’等品种的花粉萌发孔形态相似,花粉粒大小没有显著性差异,但‘璋益蜜柚’、‘红钻蜜柚’的网脊窄,网孔则较为紧密,而且5沟孔比例存在一定的差异性。

The breeding process as well as botanical and biological characteristics of‘Hongzuanmiyou’,a new bud mutant from pummelo cv.‘Guanximiyou’was introduced in this study.The results showed that it had some characteristics of obovate fruit shape,average fruit weight of about1500g,fruit shape index of0.90~0.94,orange-yellow fruit skin with red stripe,ivory white albedo with thickness of1.5cm,14~16segments,light yellow and thin and silvery white segment skin,silvery white and crisp juice sac.Its favor was crisp and tasty.In its fruit there were no seeds or a small amount of aborted nucleus.Its palynological studies showed that the size of pollen grains of the mutant was similar to that of pollen germination pores of‘Guanximiyou’.There was no significant difference in pollen grain size.The mesh ridge of‘Zhangyimiyou’and‘Hongzuanmiyou’were narrow,and their mesh sizes were relatively tight.There was difference in the proportion of the pentacolporate.