应对中国人口老龄化的治理选择

Governance Choices in Dealing with China's Aging Population

人口老龄化已成为中国社会的常态,而现有治理模式及制度安排仍缺乏结构化和系统性的反应与适应,相应治理研究亦遭遇困境。中国老龄社会的治理选择应基于"中国特征"并将其转化为"中国优势",实现从碎片化管理向整体性治理、从聚焦于老年人口向强调全人口全生命周期的转变,并将政策调节逻辑从"以人口变动适应制度"转型为"以制度变革适应人口"。当前的老龄战略及政策布局应立足于我国人口态势和老龄化发展规律进行战略配置,在文化和制度传承的基础上更新理念和创新制度,在多元共治和可持续发展的基础上构建兼顾整体性和动态性的社会经济支持体系,加强对老年人群体演化和未来老龄社会发展的研判,并以此为基础选择政策调整乃至重构的切入点。

An aging population has become the norm in Chinese society,but the existing governance model and institutional arrangements still lack a structured and systematic response and adaptation,and the corresponding governance research has also encountered difficulties.The governance choices for China’s aging society should be based on“Chinese characteristics”and turn it into“Chinese advantages,”achieving a switch from fragmented management to overall governance and from concentrating on the elderly population to emphasizing the entire life cycle of the population as whole,so as to change the rationale underlying policy adjustment from“accommodating population change to the system”to“adapting the system to the population.”China’s current strategy and policy deployment for the aged should be grounded on strategic arrangements geared to the circumstances of its population and the laws governing aging development.China should update its conceptual and innovation systems on the basis of its cultural and institutional inheritance,should build a system of social and economic support that balances holism and dynamism and is based on pluralistic governance and sustainable development,and should develop research judgements about the evolution of the elderly population and the future development of the aging society,so as to choose an entry point for the adjustment and remaking of policy.