探析哈贝马斯科学技术意识形态论——兼论其对历史唯物主义的重构

Habermas' Science and Technology Ideology——Its Reconstruction on Historical Materialism

科学技术是否具有意识形态功能是西方学界关注与争论的热点之一,也是当代意识形态论中一个至关重要的问题。在"两种学说理论"与"两股时代潮流"的影响下,通过对霍克海默、马尔库塞等人的科学技术意识形态论的批判继承,哈贝马斯系统地提出了"科学技术即是意识形态"的命题。他认为在晚期资本主义社会中,科学技术已经嬗变为一种全新的意识形态,具有了新的意识形态特点与功能,进而沦为维护资本主义政府统治合法性的工具。实际上,哈贝马斯的科学技术意识形态论只是一个序曲,其主调是要对历史唯物主义进行重构。

Whether science and technology has ideological function is one of the hottest topics in western academic circle,which is also a key issue of modern ideological theory.With the influence of“two types of theories”and“two historical trends”,Habermas,critically inheriting Horkheimer and Marcuse’science and technology ideology theory,proposed systematically the proposition that“science and technology is ideology”.He believed that in the later capitalistic society science and technology has changed into a new ideology and has new characters and functions.Furthermore,it becomes legal instrument for capitalistic government.In fact,Habermas’ideology of science and technology is only a prelude whose main tune is to reconstruct historical materialism.