黔西北地区优势树种适应功能群及其特征

Adaptive functional groups and their characteristics of dominant tree species in northwestern Guizhou Province

探讨黔西北地区优势树种适应功能群,能够阐明其生存策略,为退化森林生态系统恢复提供理论依据。以黔西北地区14个优势树种的10个叶片功能性状指标为依据,采用排序方法划分适应功能群。结果表明:叶片功能性状具有较好的组合和权衡关系,14个优势树种划分为3类植物适应功能群,云南松、华山松、马桑为厚叶高持水功能群,杜鹃、银白杨、栓皮栎、白栎、川榛为低资源利用功能群,金丝桃、毛栗、核桃、缫丝花、火棘、光皮桦为快速生长功能群。厚叶高持水功能群、低资源利用功能群比叶面积偏小,属于缓慢投资方式;快速生长功能群叶片较厚,比叶面积中等偏大,资源利用效率较高,为快速投资方式。说明不同树种采取特有的方式适应生境,结果能够为集成植物群落结构配置与优化策略提供理论参考。

Analyzing the adaptive functional groups of dominant tree species in northwestern of Guizhou Province and introducing their survival strategies,provide theoretical basis for the restoration of degraded forest ecosystem.Based on the10leaf functional characteristics indexes of14dominant tree species in northwestern of Guizhou Province,the adaptive function was divided different groups by using the ranking method.The results showed that the functional characteristics of leaves are easier to classify,and14dominant tree species were divided into three adaptive functional groups according to the leaf characteristics,one is thick leaf with high water holding functional group,such as Pinus yunnanensis,Pinus armandii,Coriaria nepalensis;another one is low-resource-utilization functional group,including Rhododendron simsii,Populus alba,Quercus variabilis,Quercus fabri,Corylus heterophylla,and the last group is rapid growth functional group,which includes Hypericum monogynum,Castanea mollissima,Juglans regia,Rosa roxburghii,Pyracantha fortuneana,Betula luminifera.The thick leaf with high water holding functional group and the low-resource-utilization functional group had a smaller leaf area than the other,which belongs to a long-term investment.Instead,the leaves of rapid growth functional group are thicker with rather larger leaf area,and it has higher resource utilization efficiency and is a fast investment.It shows that different tree species adopt unique ways to adapt to various habitats,and the results can provide theoretical references for structure arrangement and optimization of plant community.