基因编辑技术在农业种质资源上的应用

Application of Gene Editing Technology on Germplasm Resources

基因编辑是对生物基因组的特定位点进行精准操作,以实现DNA片段定点删除、插入或者单碱基突变的技术。该技术突破了传统农业育种性状改良的瓶颈,能够创制出多种动植物全新种质。尤其是其中的CRISPR/Cas9技术,以其操作简便、高效率、多靶标、通用性等优势成为当前主流的应用技术,将给农业种业带来革命。为抢占未来种业种质创新和育种制高点,我国应采取积极应对措施,努力提高此技术的效率与精准性,积极制定相应的法律、法规。

Gene editing technology can precisely manipulate specific sites of the biological genome to achieve DNA fragment deletion,DNA insertion,or single base mutations.This technology has broken the bottleneck of traditional agricultural breeding and has been widely used in animal and plant improvement and creating a variety of new animal and plant breeding germplasms.The CRISPR/Cas9technology has become the mainstream technology in current applications owing to its unique advantages such as easy handling,high efficiency,multi-target,and versatility,and it will bring revolutionary changes to agriculture.To improve China’s agricultural breeding in the future seed industry,we should improve the efficiency and accuracy of this technology,and draw up related laws and rules.