近代上海服装行业相关同业公会的形成

Formation of the Garment Industry Guilds in Modern Shanghai

同业公会是中国近代特别是民国时期普遍成立的新式工商业组织。近代上海与服装相关的主要行业有西装业、时装业、衬衫业等,并且都有各自的同业公会,统称为"近代上海服装行业相关同业公会"。主要以地方志及档案馆档案文献等为研究材料进行考察和分析,揭示出近代上海服装业同业公会从旧式行会演变为现代行业组织的过程,并从行业规模、法令颁布、管理需要3个方面,分析了近代上海服装行业相关同业公会在行业自律、整合与管理过程中,在维护行业同业利益、促进各行业发展乃至整个社会经济生活的运转进程中所发挥的作用。

Industry guild in China was a new type of industrial and commercial organization for modern era,generally established during the Republic of China.In modern Shanghai,the main industries related with garment were the suit industry,fashion garment industry,shirt industry,etc.,and each of them had its own guild.These guilds were collectively called as"the garment industry guilds in modern Shanghai".Local archives and archival documents were studied,to reveal the evolution process of modern Shanghai's garment industry guilds,from old style associations to modern industrial organizations.And from the aspects of industry scale,promulgation of decrees and management requirements,this article analyzed how the guilds help to maintain the industry interests,to promote the development of various industries,and to facilitate the functioning of social economy,along with the progress of self-discipline,integration and management promotion of themselves.