膳食习惯与女性乳腺恶性肿瘤的关系

Relationship between dietary habits and malignant breast tumors in women

[目的]目的是调查人口统计学特征,饮食习惯和一些可能导致妇女易患乳腺癌的危险因素。[方法]对178名病理组织学证实的乳腺癌患者和190名对照组的我院妇女职工进行了饮食习惯和患乳腺癌之间的关系的研究。饮食习惯问卷用于评估所选食物摄入量的模式。在调整混杂因素后分析了患癌症的风险。参与者评估年龄、体重、体重指数(BMI)、腰围、教育状况、胎次、哺乳期、婚姻状况、更年期、雌激素治疗史和乳腺疾病或癌症家族史。特别关注高脂肪肉类、牛奶、酸奶和奶酪的消费以及煎炸油之间的关系,食物,使用橄榄/液体油烹饪和患乳腺癌的风险。此外,还研究了蔬菜和水果的饮食习惯。[结果]我们的研究结果显示受教育程度的降低,以及标准体重增高和女性的腰围水平增高,有显著增加乳腺癌的风险。与正常体重相比,超重女性的乳腺癌风险显著增加(OR=2. 99,95%CI 1. 27～7. 02)。在调整年龄、标准体重和教育的模型中,大量摄入脂肪乳制品(包括牛奶和奶酪)被认为是增加乳腺癌风险的统计学显着因素。使用橄榄/液体油烹饪和避免食用蛋黄类食物与降低患乳腺癌的风险有关。与健康女性相比增加蔬菜和水果的摄入,乳腺癌发病率显著降低。[结论]饮食习惯可能是女性患乳腺癌的危险因素。采用健康合理的膳食可能是预防乳腺癌的适当策略。

〔Objective〕The purpose of this study was to investigate the particular risk factors such as demographics and dietary habits that may contribute to women's predisposition to breast cancer.〔Methods〕The relationship between dietary habits and breast cancer were studied in178patients with pathologically confirmed breast cancer with a control group including190women.The pattern of food intake was assessed by using a questionnaire.The risk of cancer was analyzed after adjusting the confounding factors.Participants age,weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,educational status,number of pregnancies,lactation,marital status,menopause,history of estrogen therapy and family history of breast cancer or disease were assessed.The relationship between the consumption of(high-fat meat,milk,yoghurt,cheese,frying oil,olive oil)and the risk of breast cancer development was highlighted.In addition,the eating habits of vegetables and fruits have also been studied.〔Results〕The results of this study showed that low educational level,increased body weight as well as increased waist to hip ratio significantly increase the risk of breast cancer.Compared to normal weight women,women suffering overweight had a significantly increased risk of breast cancer development(OR=2.99,95%CI1.27~7.02).With adjusted(age,standard weight and educational status),high intake of fatty meals and dairy products(including milk and cheese)are all considered to be risk factors for breast cancer with statistically significant differences.Cooking with olive oil can reduce the risk of breast cancer.Healthy women with increased intake of vegetables and fruits showed a significant reduction regarding incidence rates of breast cancer.〔Conclusion〕Dietary habits represents a potential risk factor for breast cancer in women.A healthy reasonable diet may be an appropriate strategy to prevent breast cancer.