刘咸炘与古典诗学的最后重构

Liu xianxin's Reconstruction of the Ancient Theory of Poetry

刘咸炘诗学文献非常丰富,涉及多种选本、诗话等。他以钟嵘《诗品》的《风》《小雅》《楚辞》三系为据,突破门户观念,重新建构了古典诗歌史。他执着于对诗本质的探求,在对古典诗论系统的梳理和阐说基础之上,将源于《诗》教传统的"主文而谲谏"作为诗之特质。针对后世比兴衰而赋存、风衰而骚盛的现实,他有针对性地提出"以风救骚""风骨"等救弊理论,并以系列选本和自己的创作去践行。其诗学观念受到"御变执两"的道家循环观、章学诚文史校雠之说和清代重整诗学史风气的影响。

Liu xianxin wrote a lot of academic works on poetry,including a variety of forms such as anthology and poetical talks.Zhong Rong once divided poetry into three schools of Feng,ya,and Chuci.Liu borrowed the idea and reconstructed the history of ancient poetry.He was persistent in the pursuit of the essence of poetry,finally,he took‘Zhuwen Juejian(主文而谲谏)'which came from the tradition of Book of Songs as the essence of poetry on the basis of systematic research on ancient poetry theory.Because of the decline of Xing and Feng in later generations and the prosperity of Fu and Sao,He put forward the theory of‘save the Sao with the wind'and‘strength of character'.He also used his series of anthologies and his own creation to practice this theory.His poetic ideas were influenced by Taoist concept of circulation,Zhang Xuecheng's Wenshi Jiaochou theory and Qing dynasty's reconstructing the style of the history of poetics.