“孟母三迁”真的有必要吗?——社区环境对孩子学业成就的影响分析

An Analysis of the Impact of Neighborhood Characteristics on Children's Academic Achievements

根据中国家庭追踪调查(China Family Panel Studies) 2014年的调查数据,运用OLS回归研究分析了社区环境对孩子学业成就的影响。实证研究发现,相较于农村社区的孩子,生活在城市社区的孩子语言应用能力更强,但在数学成绩方面两者没有显著差别。社区性质显著积极地影响家长教育参与和家长教育期望,但城市社区家长教育参与的积极性和教育期望的强烈程度都远远高于农村社区的家长;邻里关系和睦的社区,不仅孩子的学业成绩优秀,而且家长教育参与和家长教育期望程度也高。家长参与和教育期望在社区环境和学业成就之间具有中介作用,但低层次和过度家长参与会对孩子学业成绩提升产生负面效应。

Based on survey data of the China Family Panel Studies 2014,this paper,using ordinary least square regression,analyses the impact of neighborhood characteristics on children's academic achievements.The empirical study finds that children living in cities have a better performance in verbal ability than in villages,but there is no significant difference in math scores.The nature of the community plays a positive role in parents'involvement and educational aspiration.However,compared with those living in the village,parents from urban communities have higher involvement and educational aspiration.In a neighborhood with harmonious social relations,not only children have better academic performances,but parents have high involvements and educational aspirations.Parental involvement and educational aspiration take mediating role between neighborhood characteristics and children's academic achievement,but low level and excessive parental involvement will have negative effects on children's academic performance.