现阶段中国房地产业市场结构优化研究——基于市场集中度的实证分析

Research on the Market Structure Optimization of Chinese Real Estate Industry at Present Stage——Empirical Analysis Based on Market Concentration

房地产业作为国民经济支柱产业,对其市场集中度的精确分析有助于优化市场结构、促进国民经济发展。由于房地产商品的不可移动性,房地产市场具有明显的区域性特征,其市场集中度的测度也应从全国市场和区域市场两个角度来考察。从全国市场角度看,中国房地产业市场集中度偏低,属于典型的竞争型市场结构;从区域市场角度看,不同区域市场集中度表现各异,大型重点城市的市场集中度略高于全国水平,但也仅是刚刚达到寡占Ⅴ型的市场结构,市场结构仍需优化。从经济学的角度来看,中国房地产业市场集中度偏低会在企业规模经济、保障服务、泡沫风险等方面产生不利影响。为解决这一问题,可从行业内部整合、提升市场准入门槛、完善土地制度、加强品牌建设等方面着手,推动房地产市场适度集中,实现市场结构的优化。

As a pillar industry of the national economy,the accurate analysis of the market concentration of the real estate industry is helpful to optimize the market structure and promote the development of the national economy.Because of the immovability of real estate commodities,the real estate market has obvious regional characteristics,and the measurement of its market concentration should also be examined from the perspective of national market and regional market.From the perspective of the national market,China's real estate market concentration is on the low side,belonging to the typical competitive market structure;from the perspective of regional market,the market concentration of different regions is different,the market concentration of large key cities is slightly higher than the national level,but it is only just to reach the oligopolyⅤ-shaped market structure,market structure still needs to be optimized.From an economic point of view,the low concentration of the real estate market in China will have a negative impact on enterprise economies of scale,security services,bubble risk and so on.From the perspective of economics,the low market concentration of China's real estate industry will have adverse effects on enterprise scale economy,security services,bubble risk and other aspects.In order to solve this problem,we can promote the moderate concentration of the real estate market and optimize the market structure from the aspects of industry internal integration,raising the threshold of market access,improving the land system and strengthening the brand construction.