干燥条件及贮藏时间对烟草花粉活力的影响

Impact of Different Drying Conditions and Storage Time on Tobacco Pollen Viability

为了解不同干燥条件对烟草花粉活力的影响,以红花大金元、云烟97花药为试验材料,10℃、25℃、30℃、40℃、50℃温度下分别干燥12、24、36和48 h,测定花粉收集率及花粉活力,并将花粉样品置于4℃贮藏12、24和36 h,每12小时测定花粉活力。结果表明:(1)不同干燥温度下,红花大金元及云烟97花粉收集率随干燥时间迅速下降,干燥12h最高;(2)10℃、25℃干燥收集的红花大金元花粉活力、25℃干燥收集的云烟97花粉活力较高;红花大金元超过25℃、云烟97超过10℃,随干燥温度升高和干燥时间延长,花粉活力下降;(3)4℃贮藏条件下,相同温度干燥的花粉活力随贮藏时间延长而下降,并随干燥时间延长下降速度加快,但25℃干燥收集的花粉较10℃干燥的活力下降更慢,更耐贮藏;(4)4℃贮藏36 h后,25℃干燥12 h收集的红花大金元、云烟97花粉活力最高。综合分析,25℃干燥12 h收集的红花大金元、云烟97花粉收集率及花粉活力较高,花粉耐贮藏性较好,是较适宜的干燥条件。

Anthers of tobacco varieties Honghuadajinyuan and Yunyan 97 were dried to detect the impact of different drying conditions on pollen viability.Pollen collection rate and viability were determined after dried at the temperature of 10℃,25℃,30℃,40℃,50℃,for 12 h,24 h,36 h,and 48 h.These samples were then stored for 12 h,24 h,and 36 h at 4℃,and checked for viability every 12 hours.The results showed that,(1)The pollen collection rate at different drying temperature of Honghuadajinyuan and Yunyan 97 went down as the drying time prolonged,both reached the highest at 12 h.(2)Honghuadajinyuan pollen dried under 10℃and 25℃,and Yunyan 97 pollen dried under 25℃had higher vigor,while both pollen viability decreased as drying temperature increasing and time prolonging when drying temperature surpassed 25℃for Honghuadajinyuan and 10℃for Yunyan 97.(3)The pollen vigor which collected at the same drying temperature decreased as storage time increasing at 4℃,and dropped faster along with drying time.Pollen viability collected at 25℃declined more slowly than at 10℃,which was more fitful for storage.(4)Honghuadajinyuan and Yunyan 97 pollens collected at 25℃,12 h could be stored for 36 h at 4℃with the highest viability.In summary,the most suitable drying condition of Honghuadajinyuan and Yunyan 97 pollen was 25℃and 12 h,which could guarantee the highest collection rate,pollen viability,and pollen storability.