法治城市建设中的规制创新:基于政府规章备案审查的视角

Regulatory Innovation in the Construction of Rule of Law City: on the perspective of government regulations review system

法治城市是当代法治国家和法治社会的城市性目标,法治政府是建设法治国家和法治社会的基础保障,法治城市必然要求法治政府的强力推动。建设法治政府的关键是实现对政府行使行政权力的有效制约,其中重要的一个方面便是对政府行政立法权的有效规制。通过从主体、制度和过程的视角对市级政府规章备案审查工作进行考察可以发现,政府规章备案审查缺乏统一的备案审查主体,政府规章的报备、审查力度以及纠错、处理力度与公众对于全面依法治国的新期待还有一定的距离,政府规章备案审查的启动机制、审查程序、监督机制等方面还有一些不完善之处。出路在于强化人大系统对于规章报备的审核,在人大系统和行政系统双备案通道的现有格局和政治体制之下,逐步明确以人大系统对政府规章的备案审查为主,并在立法层面明确人大系统的审查意见作为最终结论,从而通过对于政府的规制创新助力法治城市创建。

The rule of law city is the urban goal of the contemporary rule of law country and society.The rule of law government is the basic guarantee for building a country ruled by law and a society ruled by law.The rule of law city will inevitably require the strong promotion of the rule of law government.The key to building a government under the rule of law is to achieve effective restrictions on the exercise of administrative power by the government.One of the important aspects is the effective regulation of the administrative legislative power of the government.Taking the government regulations review system as an example,by examining the government regulations review from the perspective of subject,institution and process,it can be found that the government regulations review lacks a unified review subject.The reporting,reviewing,and correcting and handling of government regulations are still at a certain distance from the public’s new expectation of comprehensively governing the country.There are still some imperfections in the initiation mechanism,review procedure and supervision mechanism of the government regulations.The way out is to strengthen the review of the regulations of the National People's Congress system.Under the existing pattern and political system of the dual-recording channel of the NPC system and the administrative system,it is clear that the NPC system is mainly responsible for the review of government regulations,and it is clear at the legislative level,the review of the NPC system serves as the final conclusion,thereby contributing to the creation of the rule of law city through the regulation of government innovation.