西江流域广东段传统村落空间分布特征及影响因素研究

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Traditional Villages in the Guangdong Section of Xijiang River

以西江流域广东段242个传统村落为研究对象,运用GIS空间分析技术对其空间分布特征及影响因素进行分析,结果表明:西江流域广东段传统村落总体分布不均衡,从区域上游至下游呈"由多到少"的分布特征,且主要沿河流、山地分布;其数量较多但类型单一,空间分布差异显著,其中古建筑文化型传统村落所占比例最大;其等级分布为高等级聚集市中心,低等级市向周边分散,在区域范围内表现为"东西少,中部多"的分布特征;其空间分布密度表现出"大分散,小集聚;中间密,两头疏"的格局,其冷点区与热点区空间差异明显,大体呈"中间热,两端冷"的格局,在区域层面上表现出明显的"块状"分布特征。分析得出:地形地貌、湖泊水文、历史文化、社会经济和人口分布格局等方面是影响西江流域广东段传统村落空间分布的主要因素。针对研究结果,最后从调研普查、政策保护、宣传力度和人才培养等方面提出优化建议。

Based on the242traditional villages in the Guangdong section of the Xijiang River Basin,the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of the traditional villages in the Guangdong section are analyzed by using GIS spatial analysis technology.The results show that:(1)the traditional villages in Guangdong section the Xijiang River are unevenly distributed,and the characteristics of“from more to less”,the main distribution along the rivers and mountains;(2)Traditional villages have a more quantity but type is single and the spatial distribution is very different,among them the ancient architectural culture is the largest proportion of traditional villages;(3)Its hierarchical distribution is concentrated in the city center,and the low-grade city is dispersed to the periphery,which is characterized by the distribution of“intermediate aggregation and two scattered”in the region;(4)Its spatial distribution density shows“large dispersion,small clusters;Intermediate density,sparse on both sides”.The difference between the cold point and the hot spot is obvious between the middle segment,the middle segment and the hot spot,which is generally“hot in the middle and cold at both ends”,showing the obvious“block”distribution characteristics at the regional level.The correlation analysis shows that the topography,hydrology,historical culture,social economy and population distribution pattern are the main factors influencing the spatial distribution of the traditional villages in Guangdong section of the Xijiang River.For research results,it proposed optimization suggestion from the survey,policy protection,publicity,personnel training and other aspects.