粳稻栽培品种中淀粉合成相关基因的等位变异及群体结构分析

Allelic Variation of Starch Synthesis Related Genes and Population Structure in Japonica Rice Cultivars

为了明确粳稻栽培品种中淀粉合成相关基因的等位变异及群体结构和亲缘关系状况,以国内外181份粳稻栽培品种为试验材料,利用34个淀粉合成相关基因的分子标记进行遗传多样性分析,并结合185个SSR/Indel标记分析其群体结构及亲缘关系。34个淀粉合成相关基因分子标记共检测到74个等位基因,变幅为2～4个,平均每个标记检测到的等位基因数为2. 176个,基因多样性指数变幅为0. 011～0. 494,平均0. 148;多态信息含量(PIC)变幅为0. 011～0. 399,平均0. 128,中度多态位点(0. 25 <PIC <0. 50)有6个,无高度多态位点(PIC> 0. 50),表明粳稻中淀粉合成相关基因的遗传多样性不够丰富。群体结构分析及基于Nei's遗传距离的UPGMA聚类分析表明,供试材料分为3个亚群(POP1～POP3)和1个混合群(Mixed),地理位置相近的品种大都聚于同一亚群中。可为水稻食味品质性状的遗传改良提供依据,为后续淀粉合成相关基因与淀粉品质性状的关联分析奠定基础。

To evaluate the allelic variation of starch synthesis related genes in Japonica rice cultivars,their population structure and genetic relationship,34molecular markers of starch synthesis related genes were used to detect the genetic diversity of181Japonica rice cultivars and their population structure and genetic relationship were analyzed combine with185SSR/Indel markers.A total of74alleles were detected by34molecular markers of starch synthesis related genes,ranging from2to4,with an average value of2.176alleles per marker.Genetic diversity index ranged from0.011to0.494with an average value of0.148.The polymorphism information content(PIC)ranged from0.011to0.399with an average value of0.128.Six moderately polymorphic loci(0.25<PIC<0.50)and zero highly polymorphic locus(PIC>0.50)were detected,indicating that the genetic diversity of starch synthesis related genes in Japonica rice cultivars was not enough at present.Population structure analysis and UPGMA cluster analysis based on Nei's genetic distance divided the populations into three main groups(POP1-POP3)and one mixed group(Mixed).Most of the cultivars derived from the neighboring regions were clustered into one large group.It could provide a basis for genetic improvement of eating quality traits of rice,and lay a foundation for the subsequent association analysis of starch synthesis-related genes and starch quality traits.