长江流域水资源利用与节水管理探析

Discussions on Water Resources Utilization and Water Saving Management in the Yangtze River Basin

水资源利用状况可以通过人均水资源量和人均用水量等系列指标综合反映,从国际、国内水资源利用状况比较分析来看,长江流域处于轻度缺水状况。当前,长江流域水资源时空分布不均、区域资源环境承载能力不足与人口经济持续向大城市聚集矛盾凸显,河湖营养化问题突出,区域水资源禀赋、利用方式与节水紧密相关,流域节水亟待制订行动方案,持续推进节水减排、节水型社会建设和助推经济社会转变发展方式是长江流域节水的关键。

The utilization of water resources can be reflected by a series of indexes including per capita average water resources and per capita average water consumption.Comparative analysis of international and domestic water resources utilization indicates the Yangtze River Basin is in a state of mild water shortage.At present,there exist several major problems in the Basin,including the uneven spatial and temporal distribution of water resources in the Yangtze River Basin,the insufficient carrying capacity of regional resources and environment versus increasing aggregation of population and economy to major cities,and eutrophication of rivers and lakes.The regional water resources endowment and utilization are closely relevant to water-saving.The key to water saving in the Yangtze River Basin is to formulate a plan of action to promote water saving and emission reduction,further to build a water saving society and to promote economic and social transformation and development mode of the river basin in a sustainable way.