不同肥料和生物菌剂对烤烟农艺性状及产质量的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizers and Biological Agents on Agronomic Characters Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

为研究不同有机肥料和生物菌剂对烤烟农艺性状及产质量的影响,以红花大金元为材料进行小区对比试验.结果表明:生育期方面,脚叶成熟时复合微生物菌剂-BAB处理的大田期比"吉纳泰"液体有机肥早5 d;现蕾期方面,施用"吉纳泰"的株高显著高于对照,自然叶片数极显著高于对照;病害方面,施用"吉纳泰"的烟草花叶病毒病病指和发病率显著低于施用"普利登"鱼蛋白有机水溶肥和对照,施用复合微生物菌剂-BAB的根结线虫病病指和发病率显著低于对照;经济性状方面,施用"普利登"的上等烟比例、均价分别为43. 36%和26. 4元/kg,显著高于对照,产值为58 069. 7元/hm^2,极显著高于对照;化学成分方面,大多数处理的糖质量分数高出了优质烟要求范围,其余指标基本与优质烟要求相符.总体而言,施用"吉纳泰"对烤烟农艺性状效果最好,施用"普利登"对烤烟经济性状效果最好,而对照效果最差.

In order to study the effect of different organic fertilizers and biological agents on the agronomic characters,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco,the plot comparative tests were conducted with Honghuadajinyuan as the material.The results showed that during the growth period,the mature period of flue-cured tobacco lower leaves applying compound microorganism agent-BAB was5days earlier than applying“Jinatai”bio-liquid fertilizer.During the budding period,the height of plant and the number of natural plant leaves with applying“Jinatai”bio-liquid fertilizer were significantly higher than those in the control group.As for tobacco diseases,the disease index and incidence of tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)with applying“Jinatai”bio-liquid fertilizer was significantly lower than those applying“Pulideng”fish protein organic liquid fertilizer and the control group.The disease index and incidence of tobacco root-knot nematode which was treated with the compound microbial agent-BAB was significantly lower than that of the control.As for economic characters,after applying“Pulideng”the percentage of43.36%high-class-leaf,the average price of26.4yuan/kg and the output value of58069.7yuan/hm^2were obviously higher than those in the control group.As for chemical composition,the sugar mass fraction content in most of the treatment exceeded the requirement of high quality tobacco,and the other indexes were basically consistent with the requirements of high quality tobacco.In general,the application of“Ginatai”had the best effect on the agronomic characters of flue-cured tobacco;while the application of“Pulideng”had the best effect on the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco but the effect in control was the worst.