联合高频GNSS和强震仪获取同震位移的一种方式

One Method of Coseismic Displacement Acquisition Using Combined High-rate GNSS and Seismograph

地震灾害一直给人类带来巨大的伤害和损失,许多国家都开始研究建立地震预警系统。传统的地震监测仪器主要为地震仪,但其在大震、近震中的监测能力明显存在缺陷。实时高频GNSS可有效获得近场位移,为地震预警提供了一种新的技术手段。但高频噪声较大和采样率低的存在使其无法精确拾取P波到时。高频GNSS和强震仪联合使用,可发挥二者优势,获得更为准确的宽频带同震位移,基于此可确定地震预警基本要素。本文给出联合高频GNSS与地震仪获取同震位移原理及流程,并利用日本地震数据进行实现和分析。

Earthquakes have caused tremendous damage and loss to people over the past thousands of years.Many countries have started research on the establishment of earthquake early warning systems.Traditional earthquake early warning systems mainly rely on seismograph to monitor earthquakes,but facts have proved that the capability of seismograph is obviously limited in monitoring severe earthquakes or near-field earthquakes.Real-time high-rate GNSS can effectively provide near-field displacement without the impact of instruments’tilt and rotary.Consequently,it has become a new technical means for earthquake early warning.However,high-rate GNSS cannot accurately pick up P waves in the presence of high-rate noise and low sampling rates.Combining high-rate GNSS and accelerograph can take advantage of the two methods and provide more accurate wideband coseismic displacement.Furthermore,the basic elements for the earthquake warning can be determined as well.As a result of this,a prototype of earthquake early warning system can be built using high-rate GNSS and accelerograph.The principle and process of coseismic displacement acquisition using combined high-rate GNSS and seismograph is verified using Japanese seismic data.