云南作物资源特征特性及生态地理分布研究Ⅺ:稻资源耐旱性多样性分布

Characteristic and Ecological Geographical Distribution of Crops Resources in Yunnan XI.Diversity distribution of rice resources with drought resistance

为进一步了解云南稻资源耐旱性多样性分布,采用GIS等技术分析2 440份稻资源耐旱性多样性在不同气候类型和各类稻区中的表现。结果表明:稻耐旱性与气候环境相关,多样性呈随海拔升高和温度降低而减小、随海拔降低与温度升高而增大趋势;多样性富聚区在云南全省均有分布,其中以滇西较丰富,亚热带是多样性富聚气候带;多样性大小依次是中亚热带=北热带=南亚热带=北亚热带>南温带,水陆稻和熟制类型兼种以及粳籼稻交错种植区域是稻苗期耐旱性多样性富聚区;挖掘了106份可供研究利用的优异耐旱稻资源。

The diversity performance of 2 440 rice resources with drought resistance in different climatic types and rice cultivation regions was analyzed by GIS technology to further understand diversity distribution of rice resources with drought resistance in Yunnan.Result:The drought resistance of rice resources is related to climatic environment.The drought resistance of rice resources decreases with elevation rise and temperature reduction but increases with elevation reduction and temperature rise.The diversity enrichment region of rice resources with drought resistance distributes in different ecological environments in Yunnan.There are abundant rice resources with drought resistance in Western Yunnan.Subtropical zone is the diversity enrichment zone of rice resources with drought resistance.The diversity of rice resources with drought resistance in different climatic zones is Mid-subtropical zone=Northern tropical zone=South subtropical zone=Northern subtropical zone>South temperature zone.The lowland and upland rice,mixed cropping system,and Japonica and indica rice overlapping regions are the diversity enrichment regions of rice resources with drought resistance at rice seedling stage.106 excellent rice resources with drought resistance can be used in breeding for drought resistance of rice varieties.