实验性ASDH动物模型星形胶质细胞的表达

Expression Observation of Astrocytes in Experimental ASDH Animal Model

目的:探讨脑损伤后星形胶质细胞在脑神经再生中的作用。方法:制备急性硬膜下血肿(ASDH)动物模型,颅骨钻孔至硬膜下隙,注入豚鼠自体动脉血,实验设计分15d、30d和60d共3个时间点;应用免疫组织化学染色方法,观察脑缺损区周边星形胶质细胞的表达情况。结果:ASDH模型组实验侧有脑缺损区发生,且随着实验设计点的推移缺损区呈现增大趋势;脑缺损区边缘形成胶质瘢痕,3个实验点光密度值依次为:0.161±0.071,0.239±0.067,0.251±0.074,以30d和60d胶质瘢痕最为明显;缺损区内侧有大量星形胶质细胞增生,细胞体增大,突起较多且变长,呈错综交叉分布,GFAP阳性表达细胞数依次为22.421±7.314,34.635±8.522,32.823±8.830,15d表达较少,30d达到峰值并持续至60d实验点,在星形胶质细胞迁移流区,GFAP阳性表达细胞数量依次为20.524±6.220,11.414±4.625,10.810±4.320,在15d实验点表达最多,15d后表达呈下降趋势。结论:ASDH实验模型血肿可压迫脑组织,造成皮层局部缺血坏死,早期即可形成脑皮层局部缺损;局部脑组织坏死可引起继发性星形胶质细胞大量增生,并呈现递增趋势;后期在脑损伤区边缘形成明显的胶质瘢痕,对有害因子的侵袭具有阻挡作用,是中枢神经系统保护性功能的表现。

Objective:The experimental acute subdural hematoma(ASDH)experimental animal model was prepared to observe the proliferation of astrocyte cells in the rat cerebral cortex,and to explore the role of astrocytes in the nerve regeneration after brain injury.Methods:A model of acute subdural hematoma was constructed by drilling the skull into the subdural space and injecting the blood from the guinea pig's autologous artery,The experimental design was divided into 3 time points:15 days,30 days and 60 days.Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of astrocytes around the brain defect area.Results:Brain defect occurred on the side of the experimental model,and the defect area increased with the experimental design point;Glial scar was formed at the edge of the defect area,and the most obvious was at 30~60 days,the optical density values of the 3 experimental points were 0.161±0.071,0.239±0.067,0.251±0.074 respectively;A large number of astrocytes proliferated around the brain defect area.The cell body was enlarged and the protuberances were more numerous and longer,the number of GFAP positive cells in turn was 22.421±7.314,34.635±8.522,32.823±8.830,and 15 days expression was less,reached peak at 30 days experimental point and lasted until 60 days experimental point,In the migratory flow region of astrocytes,the number of GFAP positive cells was 20.524±6.220,11.414±4.625,10.810±4.320,the expression of 15 days was decreased the number of GFAP positive cells reached the peak at the 15 days experimental point and then decreased.Conclusion:In ASDH experimental model,Hematoma can oppress the cerebral cortex,early form local defect of cerebral cortex,cause local ischemia and necrosis of cortex;The necrotic region causes secondary astrocytes to proliferate,which present an increasing trend;Later on,glial scars were obviously formed at the edge of the brain injury area,which has a blocking effect on the invasion of harmful factors,it is a protective function of the central nervous system.