公元前4世纪雅典海上贸易从业者的政治参与

The Political Participation of the Athenian Maritime Traders during the Fourth Century B.C.E

古典时代雅典海上贸易从业者的政治影响力一直是颇具争议的论题。自芬利古代经济模式确立以来,海上贸易从业者的政治影响力一直被低估乃至忽视。基于对古典时代法庭诉讼辞和人物志的梳理,通过对安德罗克勒斯家族、德谟斯梯尼家族、阿古尔里奥斯等的考察,可以认为,公元前4世纪一部分雅典公民通过投资或经营海上贸易,建立了广泛的邦际人脉关系,积累了雄厚的经济基础和丰富的理财、管理经验。利用上述优势,他们积极参与城邦政治生活,发挥着举足轻重的作用,成为了既富经济理性又有社会担当的"社会经济人"。

The role of the maritime traders in Athenian politics is a quite disputed issue.Since Finley’s theory was established as the orthodoxy,their political influence has been underrated or even neglected.Based on a survey of the political and maritime trade experiences of the Androcles family,Demosthenes family,and Agyrrhius family,this paper argues that some of the maritime traders were actively involved in the Athenian politics and played important roles based upon their wealth and financial managerial experiences.The politicians with maritime trade background referred as Homo Socio-economucus formed up a category of people with both economic ration and social responsibility.