摩尔多瓦人汉字抄写和字形知觉的实验研究

An Experimental Study on Character Copying and Character Form Perception Among Moldovans

汉字对母语为字母语言的人来说是一种复杂的图画,对以罗马尼亚语或俄语为母语的摩尔多瓦人来说也是如此。对没有学过汉字的摩尔多瓦人来说,面对这样一幅幅既繁杂又没有意义的图画时,他们对汉字字形的感知有什么特点?本文通过抄写实验考察了22名摩尔多瓦人对不同结构类型汉字的字形知觉,使用数码笔记录汉字书写的动态过程,以分析被试抄写汉字时笔画、部件书写的先后顺序。结果发现:(1)汉字书写存在优势笔画;(2)被试的汉字书写受母语负迁移的影响;(3)被试书写笔画数多的汉字容易出现缺少笔画的现象;(4)多部件的汉字书写可能受汉字结构的影响。

For the people whose mother tongue is an alphabetical language,Chinese characters represent a complex picture.For Moldovans,being native speakers of Romanian or Russian,Chinese characters are alike.How do Moldovans,who have never learnt Chinese,perceive the form of characters?This study,by means of a character copying experiment,investigates the character form perception of 22 Moldovans.In order to analyze the stroke and component order while copying the characters,we use digital pens to record the dynamic process.The result reveals:(1)while writing characters,there exists one superior stroke;(2)in the process of writing characters,participants are negatively influenced by their mother tongue;(3)while writing complex characters,participants tend to omit some strokes;(4)while writing characters with many components,participants are probably influenced by the structure of characters.