GPM卫星资料在分析“杜苏芮”台风降水结构中的应用

Application of GPM Data in Analysis of Precipitation Structure of Typhoon Doksuri

利用GPM卫星探测的数据产品2A-DPR和1C-GMI以及三亚市30个自动气象站降雨数据对2017年第19号台风"杜苏芮"的降水率、雨顶高度、降水类型、降水微波信号、云水路径、冰水路径、降水三维结构等特征进行了分析。结果表明:"杜苏芮"加强阶段,近地面降水率主要集中在20. 0 mm·h-1以下,部分区域为40. 0～100. 0 mm·h-1,最大值高达299. 8 mm·h-1;雨顶高度集中在6～10 km,最大为12 km;降水率和雨顶高度的大值区均处在台风外围的螺旋雨带中;台风降水中层云降水占68. 5%,对流降水占27. 1%,对流云降水的平均降水率是层云降水的3. 2倍;低频(18. 9 GHz)、中频(89. 0 GHz)和高频(183. 31±8 GHz)的微波亮温表明台风云系中存在大量的水粒子和冰粒子,且高频对冰粒子的探测更为敏感;台风螺旋云带中对流发展旺盛,且存在大量的降水柱,近地面降水率较大的区域所对应的降水柱也较为密实,降水柱的高度也比较高。

Based on the2A-DPR,1C-GMI products of GPM(global precipitation measurement)and the precipitation data of30automatic meteorological stations in Sanya of Hainan Province,the precipitation rate near surface,rain top height,precipitation type,microwave signal,cloud water path,ice water path and the3D structure of precipitation of the19th typhoon Doksuri in2017were analyzed.The results show that at the strengthening stage of the typhoon Doksuri,the precipitation rate near surface was mainly less than20.0mm·h^-1,and in some parts it ranged from40.0to100.0mm·h^-1,and the maximum of it was over299.8mm·h^-1.The height of rain top was between6and10km,and the maximum height of the rain top reached12km.The higher value of precipitation rate near surface and rain top height appeared in the spiral cloud band outside the typhoon.The stratiform precipitation ratio was68.5%,and the convective precipitation ratio was27.1%,while the average convective precipitation rate was3.2times of the stratiform precipitation rate.The low frequency(18.9GHz),intermediate frequency(89.0GHz)and high frequency(183±8GHz)microwave brightness temperatures reflected that there were a large number of water and ice particles in the typhoon,and the high frequency channel was more sensitive to detection of the ice particles.At the developing stage of the typhoon,there were a lot of precipitation columns in the spiral cloud belt of the typhoon.The higher value of the precipitation rate near surface corresponded to the denser and higher precipitation columns.