中国古代劝进之“稳定”心态论

Comments on the Mentality of Maintaining Stability in the Ancient Chinese Quan Jin

劝进主要是指古代臣子在帝王继位前所行之劝即位行为,是中国古代皇权政治中较常见现象。因种种原因,前人于绝大多数劝进评价均不高,常认为那是臣子为谋个人之功名利禄而向帝王示忠、阿谀奉承。不容否认,这种心态在劝进中确实存在,然更多时候,劝进者是出于所信守的儒家思想,出于维持国家稳定而行劝进。这在劝进中"安社稷""正名位""应天意,顺人心"等话语,以及对被劝进者功德之陈述等许多方面体现出来;即使谋私利这一点,也与其求稳定目标一致。纵观中国历史上诸多劝进行为,很多确实起到了维护国家统一、稳定作用,在特定历史时期有着重要影响,有力地推动了社会历史的发展。

QuanJin is a behavior which a leader is advised to come to the throne by his subordinate.It is a Common phenomenon in the political field in ancient China.Because of various reasons,previous evaluation is not high about it.It is often considered to show loyalty to the emperor with flattery for seek personal fame and fortune.We think that flattery does exist,but the main purpose of most of the QuanJin is to maintain national stability,which is reflected by many discourse of QuanJin such as steadying country,rectification of name,divine will,merits and virtues,etc.Most of QuanJin in Chinese history really maintain the unity and stability of the country and have a very important influence.