晚清报人及报刊舆论的兴起与流变——评《转向大众:晚清报人的兴起与转变》

The Newspapermen and the Rising and Changing of the Public Opinion in Newspaper during the Late Qing Dynasty——Reviewing turning to the Masses: the Rising and Changing of the Newspapermen in Late Qing Dynasty

晚清时期,近代西式报刊先进性地示范、引导,以及民族危机下救亡图存的现实诉求,使得报刊、报人的合法性形象得以逐步确立。社会精英阶层广泛参与办报后,报刊精英化色彩日渐浓郁。精英报人对报刊的有意"赋权"与自我标榜,辅以西方民主、权力观念的诱导与激发,使得清末报刊媒体权力日益扩张。这一报刊舆论权力借助"清议""公论"等传统言论得以具体搭建,而清末新政、立宪对舆论空间的释放以及租界等官方统御之外舆论阵地的存在,则为报刊言论激化提供了滋生的温床。

During the late Qing Dynasty,the advanced demonstration and guidance of the western newspapers,and the realistic demand of salvation under national crisis,both set up a positive image of the newspapers and newspapermen.The Elitism of the newspapers are more evident after the partaking of the social elites.The power of newspapers and media were expanding increasingly,as the newspapers be giving by right and the inducement of the concept of western democracy and rights.The power of public opinion from newspaper was based on the traditional expressions,such as"idle talk"and"public opinion".Otherwise,the public opinion space during the New Deal Period and Constitutional Movement of Late Qing Dynasty,and the existence of battlefield of public opinions,had breeding the radical remarks of the newspapers in that time.