底质类型对鄱阳湖典型沉水植被的生长影响

Effects of bottom sediments types on growth of typical submerged macrophytes in Poyang Lake

为掌握鄱阳湖不同基质下典型沉水植被生长状况,通过室内模拟实验,分析鄱阳湖3种典型沉水植物(苦草、马来眼子菜、轮叶黑藻)在3种底质类型(泥滩、草洲、沙滩)的生长形态与生理特征。泥滩基质实验结果表明,3种植物在泥滩中都有较好的生长,说明高营养底质有利于沉水植物生长,其中黑藻的生长指标显著优于另外2种沉水植物;根系活力高低与植株长势显著相关。草洲硬质土壤实验表明,马来眼子菜更适合在这种环境中生长。不同底质对沉水植物超氧化物歧化酶有不同程度的影响,结合生长生理指标来看,轮叶黑藻较另外两种沉水植物对底质类型的差异变化显著,但不同底质类型造成的大致趋势相同,总体趋势是泥滩>草洲>沙滩。

In order to grasp the growth conditions of typical submerged vegetation under different substrates in Poyang Lake,the paper analyzed the growth morphology and physiological characteristics of 3 typical submerged plants in Poyang Lake(Vallisneria asiatica,Potamogeton malaianus,and Hydrilla verticillata)in the 3 types of sediment(mudflat,grassland,and sand beach)through indoor simulation experiments.The results of the mudflat matrix experiment show that the three plants have good growth in the mudflat,indicating that the high nutrient substrate is conducive to the growth of submerged plants;that the growth index of Hydrilla verticillata is significantly better than that of the other two submerged plants;and that root activity was significantly related to plant growth.The experiment of grassland hard soil shows that Potamogeton malaianus is more suitable for growing in this environment.Different substrates have different effects on superoxide dismutase of submerged macrophytes.According to the physiological index of growth,the difference of the Hydrilla verticillata between the other two species of submerged macrophytes was significantly different,but the general trend of different types of sediment is the same,and the general trend is mudflat>grassland>sand beach.