美国研究型大学科研发展与国家创新革命

The Scientific Research Development of American Research Universities and National Innovation Revolution

美国研究型大学发迹较晚,兴于世界战争而不止于战争。第二次世界大战后至当前知识经济时代,研究型大学在联邦政府的慷慨资助下,已突破国防局限,持续关切国家发展所需展开科学研究,成为国家创新力的核心引擎。联邦政府持续推动大学研究发展及科研人才的培养,塑造了美国研究型大学在国家创新、社会技术进步中无可取代的角色,由此,美国研究型大学科研创新力不断形成,创新文化不断发展。

Out of war but beyond war,American research universities emerged later than those of other nations.From the post-war to the current era of knowledge economy,scientific researches of universities have broken through the limits of national defense with the generous support from the federal government.These researches constantly concerned about the needs of national development and became the core engine of national innovation.After World War II,the federal government continuously promoted the development of university researches and the cultivation of scientific manpower and shaped the irreplaceable role of American research universities in national innovation and social technological progress.Henceforth the national innovation of American research universities gradually took shape along with the continuous development of innovation culture.