生物降解膜对土壤物理性状及花生荚果产量的影响

Effects of Biodegradable Film on Soil Physical Characters and Peanut Pod Yield

在大田条件下,以普通地膜PE膜为对照,比较了2017BS、M2351、C2三种生物降解膜覆盖对土壤物理性状及花生荚果产量的影响。结果表明,花生生长发育前期(7月中上旬)各降解膜覆盖下的土壤温度和水分含量均高于露地栽培,表现为M2351 <2017BS <C2,但均低于普通地膜处理;7月下旬至9月中旬花生收获降解膜的地温与露栽地温相近。花生成熟期,降解膜2017BS处理花生荚果产量显著低于普通地膜处理,减产24. 9%,但在土壤中残存量少,降解效果好;降解膜C2荚果产量与普通膜相近,但降解效果较差,收获期残留量远大于其他降解膜;降解膜M2351的荚果产量略低于普通膜处理,但降解效果好。综上所述,降解膜M2351可以增温保墒,保障花生荚果产量基本不降低,成熟期残留少,降解效果好,是一种较为适宜的降解膜,但今后尚需增加膜的韧性和弹性。

The effects of three kinds of biodegradable film(M2351,2017BS and C2)mulching on soil physical properties and peanut pod yield were compared under field conditions.The results showed that the soil temperature and water content of mulching degradable films were higher than those of bare cultivation at the early stage of peanut growth(mid-early July)showing M2351<2017BS<C2,but all were lower than those of the ordinary plastic film treatment.Ground temperature of degradable film for peanut harvest from late July to mid-September was similar to that of bare cultivation.The yield of peanut pods treated with biodegradable film 2017BS was significantly lower than that of ordinary plastic film treatment at maturity harvest stage,which reduced by24.9%,but the residual amount in soil was less and the degradation effect was better.The yield of peanut pods treated with degradable film C2 was similar to that of ordinary film,but the degradation effect was poor,and the residue amount was much higher than that of the other degraded films during peanut harvest.The yield of peanut pods treated with degradable film M2351 was slightly lower than that of ordinary film treatment,but the degradation effect was better.In summary,M2351 was a suitable biodegradable film,which could increase the temperature and keep the moisture content,ensure the peanut pod yield basically not to decrease,had little residue at maturity,and had good degradation effect.However,it was still necessary to increase the toughness and elasticity of the film in the future.