论马克思主义实践观的生态哲学意蕴

On the eco-philosophy of Marxist viewpoint towards practice

诉诸解释及改变世界的人的实践是马克思主义哲学与全部旧哲学的分水岭,在马克思主义哲学中具有始源性、基础性的核心地位。通过感性的、活生生的实践活动,作为主体的人以人所特有的方式有目的地作用于自然界,自然成为"人"的自然或人化自然,共同与在历史境域下展开劳动实践中的人所构成的社会,形成整个现实的、充满活力的感性周围世界;自然不再以被抽象地理解的形式孤立于人的对象性活动。作为人类有目的的客观物质性活动,实践是主体不得不遵循客观规律性的活动方式,人是自然化了的人,因此实践主体必须在遵循自然和社会历史规律的基础上改造自然、保护自然,而人与自然之间的矛盾归根到底也只有在处理好人与人之间的社会关系中才能得到解决。

The scientific practical conception which resorts to explaining or changingthe world,becomes a real watershed for the Marxist philosophy in philosophical schools between Marx’s philosophical horizon and other traditional philosophy,and it is the foundation and essence of Marxist philosophy.Based on the perceptual practice and human-sensuous activity,man as subjects and his own inherent natures and connects himself with the nature.Nature,therefore,becomes the manmade view towards nature and,with the social world made up of man in the historical context,jointly forms the real surroundings by us.Nature is no longer to be isolated from man in a misunderstood form of his objective activity.As the man’s objectively purposeful activities with materiality,practice is the activities subject to follow the objective regularity,and man will be of human naturalization.Therefore,man as subjects needs to remake nature rationally and effectively protect nature on the premise of observation of law of nature and law of socially historical transformation.And the conflict between man and nature,in the long run,can only be resolved in the sound relations between people.