不同派系杨树品种(系)光合特性评价

Evaluation on photosynthetic characteristics of different factions of poplar species(clones)

【目的】综合评价引种的白杨派、黑杨派和青杨派杨树品种(系)的光合能力和生长优势,为优良杨树品种(系)推广种植提供参考依据。【方法】使用Li-6400XT便携式光合仪测定相同生境条件下伊犁地区引种白杨派、黑杨派和青杨派杨树品种(系)的光合参数,使用模糊数学中的隶属函数法综合评价各品种(系)的光合能力和生长情况。【结果】不同派系杨树品种(系)的光合速率(Pn)呈单峰或双峰曲线,部分品种(系)存在明显的光合午休现象;各派系内不同品种的光合生理参数差异显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01);大气CO2浓度(Ca)和气孔导度(Gs)对3个派系Pn的直接作用较大,蒸腾速率(Tr)为白杨派树种的主要决策变量,叶温(Tl)为黑杨派和青杨派树种的主要决策变量,影响白杨派和青杨派树种Pn的主要限制变量为Ca,黑杨派则为胞间CO2浓度(Ci)。沙兰杨(辽宁)、银×新12#、171、174、银×新中东杨、银×新192的综合指数较高。【结论】银×新中东杨、沙兰杨(辽宁)、银×新12#、林场银×新、171和银×新192的光合能力较强且生长优势明显,各项指标的综合指数较高,适应高光强环境能力较强,可在新疆伊犁平原地区及其他适宜种植白杨派、黑杨派和青杨派树种的平原地区推广种植。

【Objective】The main photosynthetic capacity and growth advantage of introduced poplar species(clones)such as Sect.Leuces,Sect.Aigeiros and Sect.Tacamahaca were comprehensively evaluated,in order to provide referential basis for screening excellent poplar species(clones)to plant.【Method】Photosynthetic parameters of the three introduced poplar species(clones)at the same conditions in Yili were determined by using Li-6400XT portable photosynthetic system.The three introduced poplar species(clones)included Sect.Leuces,Sect.Aigeiros and Sect.Tacamahaca.Photosynthetic capacity and growth situation of the species(clones)were comprehensively evaluated by using membership function method of fuzzy mathematics.【Result】Photosynthetic rate(Pn)of different factions of poplar species(clones)showed single peak or double peak curves.And there were obvious midday depression of photosynthesis phenomenon in part of species(clones).Within each factions,there were significant(P<0.05)or extremely significant(P<0.01)differences in photosynthetic and physiological parameters among different species(clones).The direct effects of atmospheric CO2 concentration(Ca),stomatal conductance(Gs)on Pn of three factions were relatively large.Transpiration rate(Tr)was main decision variable of Sect.Leuces species.Temperature leaf(Tl)was main decision variable of Sect.Aigeiros and Sect.Tacamahaca,Ca was the main limiting variable that affectedPn of Sect.Leuce and Sect.Tacamahaca species.For Sect.Aigeiros,intercelluar CO2 concentration(Ci)was the main limiting variable.P.canadensis cv.Sacrou 79(Liaoning),P.alba×P.bolleana 12#,171,174,P.alba×P.bolleana Zhongdong,P.alba×P.bolleana 192 had high composite indexes.【Conclusion】According to the analysis,six species(clones)have strong photosynthetic capacity and obvious growth advantage,and high composite index of indicators.The six species(clones)are P.alba×P.bolleana Zhongdong,P.canadensis cv.Sacrou 79(Liaoning),P.alba×P.bolleana 12#,P.alba×P.bolleana Linchang,171 and P.alba×P.bolleana 192.The six species(clones)have strong capacity to adapt to the high light intensity environment in Yili region.Therefore,they can be widely popularized and planted in Yili plain area and other plains areas suitable for planting of Sect.Leuces,Sect.Aigeiros and Sect.Tacamahaca species.